{"id":35008,"date":"2022-06-16T20:37:20","date_gmt":"2022-06-16T18:37:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/?post_type=wiki&#038;p=35008"},"modified":"2024-09-26T09:10:17","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T07:10:17","slug":"osobni-bankrot","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/osobni-finance\/clanky\/osobni-bankrot\/","title":{"rendered":"Osobn\u00ed bankrot 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka m\u016f\u017ee nastat <strong>situace, o kter\u00e9 si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee je ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e1.<\/strong> Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, kdy\u017e se mluv\u00ed o <a href=\"https:\/\/financera.cz\/jak-na-to\/zbaveni-se-dluhu\/\">dluhech<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/financera.cz\/jak-na-to\/registry-dluzniku\/\">exekuc\u00edch<\/a>. Nen\u00ed tomu ov\u0161em \u00fapln\u011b tak, v\u017edy se toti\u017e najde \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b j\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu,<\/strong> respektive insolven\u010dn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Od roku 2019 se podm\u00ednky pro vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu nav\u00edc zm\u00edrnily. V moment\u011b zah\u00e1jen\u00ed insolven\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jste tedy chr\u00e1n\u011bni p\u0159ed v\u011b\u0159iteli a exekutory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Co_je_osobn_bankrot\">Co je osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Osobn\u00ed bankrot je zjednodu\u0161en\u011b<strong> prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed dlu\u017en\u00edka, \u017ee ji\u017e nen\u00ed schopen spl\u00e1cet dluhy sv\u00fdm v\u011b\u0159itel\u016fm.<\/strong> Jedn\u00e1 se o leg\u00e1ln\u00ed cestu, kterou m\u016f\u017ee dlu\u017en\u00edk vy\u0159e\u0161it zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ne\u0159e\u0161itelnou situaci obrovsk\u00fdch dluh\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch se nach\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Osobn\u00ed bankrot, jinak naz\u00fdvan\u00fd tak\u00e9 oddlu\u017een\u00ed, je krajn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm <a href=\"https:\/\/financera.cz\/osobni-finance\/\">finan\u010dn\u00ed situace<\/a> dlu\u017en\u00edka, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed schopen plnit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky. Ze z\u00e1kona nast\u00e1v\u00e1 tehdy, m\u00e1-li dlu\u017en\u00edk <strong>z\u00e1vazky u v\u00edce v\u011b\u0159itel\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 dn\u00ed po datu splatnosti.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box boxed\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div>Po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu jste povinen <strong>do p\u011bti let splatit alespo\u0148 t\u0159etinu va\u0161ich z\u00e1vazk\u016f.<\/strong> Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed dluhy budou pak dlu\u017en\u00edkovi prominuty.<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Kdo_me_podat_o_osobn_bankrot\">Kdo m\u016f\u017ee po\u017e\u00e1dat o osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak jsme ji\u017e zm\u00ednili, pro vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu<strong> se mus\u00edte nach\u00e1zet v ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci<\/strong> a va\u0161e dluhy u v\u00edce v\u011b\u0159itel\u016f by m\u011bly b\u00fdt v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 dn\u00ed po splatnosti. O osobn\u00ed bankrot v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete po\u017e\u00e1dat i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee va\u0161e situace m\u00e1 rysy hroz\u00edc\u00edho \u00fapadku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee o osobn\u00ed bankrot po\u017e\u00e1dat:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Fyzick\u00e1 osoba<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fyzick\u00e1 osoba v postaven\u00ed spot\u0159ebitele<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fyzick\u00e1 osoba v postaven\u00ed podnikatele<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00e1vnick\u00e1 osoba, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1na za podnikatele<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box info\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><h3 id=\"Osobn_bankrot_manel\">Osobn\u00ed bankrot man\u017eel\u016f<\/h3><strong>Vyhl\u00e1sit osobn\u00ed bankrot mohou man\u017eel\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b.<\/strong> V r\u00e1mci jednoho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se tak budou \u0159e\u0161it dluhy obou. Nav\u00edc pokud o prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu po\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wiki\/spolecna-kasa\/\">man\u017eel\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b<\/a>, dluhov\u00e9 b\u0159emeno bude ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdyby \u017e\u00e1dali ka\u017ed\u00fd zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165.<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Jak_vyhlsit_osobn_bankrot\">Jak vyhl\u00e1sit osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Osobn\u00ed bankrot se vyhla\u0161uje <strong>pod\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu na povolen\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed. <\/strong>Dlu\u017en\u00edk ho v\u0161ak nem\u016f\u017ee podat s\u00e1m za sebe. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tento n\u00e1vrh pod\u00e1v\u00e1 advok\u00e1t, not\u00e1\u0159, exekutor nebo jin\u00e1 akreditovan\u00e1 osoba.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Obsah_nvrhu_na_oddluen\">Obsah n\u00e1vrhu na oddlu\u017een\u00ed<\/h3><br><ul><li>Osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje dlu\u017en\u00edka (nebo jeho z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce)<\/li><li>Navrhovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob oddlu\u017een\u00ed (spl\u00e1tkov\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 \u010di zpen\u011b\u017een\u00ed majetku)<\/li><li>Informace o dosud nabyt\u00fdch dluz\u00edch<\/li><li>Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fadaje o dlu\u017en\u00edkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmech za posledn\u00ed 3 roky<\/li><li>O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy dlu\u017en\u00edka v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 5 letech<\/li><li>Informace o d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch insolven\u010dn\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00edch<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>Soud po obdr\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu na oddlu\u017een\u00ed <strong>rozhodne o tom, zda ho p\u0159ijme nebo ne. <\/strong>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh na oddlu\u017een\u00ed uzn\u00e1, v\u016f\u010di dlu\u017en\u00edkovi se automaticky zastavuje jak\u00e9koli exeku\u010dn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pohled\u00e1vek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm bodem tohoto procesu je<strong> stanoven\u00ed insolven\u010dn\u00edho spr\u00e1vce, <\/strong>kter\u00e9ho vyb\u00edr\u00e1 a stanuje soud. Insolven\u010dn\u00ed spr\u00e1vce n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyzve v\u0161echny v\u011b\u0159itele k p\u0159ihla\u0161k\u00e1m pohled\u00e1vek. V\u011b\u0159itel\u00e9 maj\u00ed dva m\u011bs\u00edce na to, aby se k nim p\u0159ihl\u00e1sili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed doby se spr\u00e1vce dlu\u017en\u00edka pt\u00e1, zda p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 pohled\u00e1vky p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo pop\u00edr\u00e1. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho spr\u00e1vce <strong>vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1 tzv. zpr\u00e1vu pro oddlu\u017een\u00ed, <\/strong>na jej\u00ed vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 30 dn\u00ed, pot\u00e9 ji po\u0161le soudu. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, zda se oddlu\u017een\u00ed povol\u00ed \u010di nikoli, je ji\u017e potom na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm soudu.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box warning\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><h3 id=\"Kdy_me_bt_nvrh_zamtnut\">Kdy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1vrh zam\u00edtnut?<\/h3><strong>N\u00e1vrh o oddlu\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zam\u00edtnut v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b,<\/strong> \u017ee se prok\u00e1\u017ee nepoctiv\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br \u017eadatele. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zam\u00edtnut v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy dlu\u017en\u00edk nen\u00ed schopen ze sv\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu spl\u00e1cet minim\u00e1ln\u00ed spl\u00e1tku. Tak\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh o oddlu\u017een\u00ed podala osoba, o jej\u00edm\u017e oddlu\u017een\u00ed bylo v posledn\u00edch 10 letech ji\u017e rozhodnuto.<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Jak_jsou_povinnosti_dlunka\">Jak\u00e9 jsou povinnosti dlu\u017en\u00edka?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b schv\u00e1len\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed na dlu\u017en\u00edka i ur\u010dit\u00e9 povinnosti. V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b se mus\u00ed zav\u00e1zat, \u017ee se bude sna\u017eit dos\u00e1hnout takov\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy,<strong> aby byl schopen si plnit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky<\/strong> vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z insolven\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148, \u017ee mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy do sv\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/financera.cz\/jak-na-to\/rodinny-rozpocet\/\">rodinn\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu<\/a> pou\u017eije na spl\u00e1tky nad r\u00e1mec spl\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e.<strong> Sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy mus\u00ed pravideln\u011b dokl\u00e1dat <\/strong>insolven\u010dn\u00edmu spr\u00e1vci a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjmy nesm\u00ed zatajovat. Samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed je, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017ee tvo\u0159it \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed dluhy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Jak_probh_osobn_bankrot\">Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Po povolen\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed proces osobn\u00edho bankrotu dv\u011b varianty. V prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b si dlu\u017en\u00edk dohodne<strong> spl\u00e1tkov\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/strong>. P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se dlu\u017en\u00edk zav\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee bude p\u0159ed\u00e1vat v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010c\u00e1st n\u00e1sledn\u011b z\u00edskaj\u00ed v\u011b\u0159itel\u00e9 a \u010d\u00e1st pokryje n\u00e1klady insolven\u010dn\u00edho spr\u00e1vce. Druh\u00e1 varianta po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se<strong> zpen\u011b\u017een\u00edm majetku dlu\u017en\u00edka, <\/strong>kter\u00fd se prod\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm formou dra\u017eby. Zpen\u011b\u017euje se pouze ten majetek, kter\u00fd dan\u00fd dlu\u017en\u00edk nabyl do obdr\u017een\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed o oddlu\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Osobn_bankrot_podmnky_fn_date_formatY\">Osobn\u00ed bankrot podm\u00ednky 2024<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Posledn\u00ed \u00fapravou pro\u0161el insolven\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kon v roce 2019. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee podle posledn\u00ed \u00fapravy ji\u017e<strong> dlu\u017en\u00edk nemus\u00ed splatit ani 30 % sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f.<\/strong> Neznamen\u00e1 to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee dlu\u017en\u00edk nemus\u00ed splatit v\u016fbec nic. Z\u00e1rove\u0148, aby byl osobn\u00ed bankrot v\u016fbec povolen, mus\u00ed nejd\u0159\u00edve dlu\u017en\u00edk splnit ur\u010dit\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_pros_cons\"><ul class=\"check\"><h3 id=\"Osobn_bankrot_podmnky\">Osobn\u00ed bankrot podm\u00ednky<\/h3><li>\n<p>Dan\u00fd dlu\u017en\u00edk je v \u00fapadku nebo mu \u00fapadek hroz\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Dlu\u017en\u00edk m\u00e1 neuhrazen\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 dn\u00ed po splatnosti<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Dlu\u017e\u00ed v\u00edce v\u011b\u0159itel\u016fm najednou<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Nem\u00e1 z\u00e1znam v rejst\u0159\u00edku trest\u016f hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a majetkov\u00e9 povahy (posledn\u00edch 5 let)<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Dlu\u017en\u00edk mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopen splatit 30 % sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f za 5 let, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b 60 % z\u00e1vazk\u016f za 3 roky, nebo alespo\u0148 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed procento za 5 let<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Sv\u00fdm oddlu\u017een\u00edm nem\u016f\u017ee dlu\u017en\u00edk sledovat n\u011bjak\u00fd nepoctiv\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dluh\u016f z podnik\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u011b\u0159itel\u00e9 nemohou vyslovit proti n\u00e1vrhu na oddlu\u017een\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/li><li>\n<p>Na soud je t\u0159eba doru\u010dit tzv. perfektn\u00ed insolven\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh spojen\u00fd s n\u00e1vrhem na povolen\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed a po\u017eadovan\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edlohami<\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Od roku 2022 jsou nav\u00edc<strong> platn\u00e9 nov\u00e9 legislativn\u00ed zm\u011bny. <\/strong>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edho minima se zv\u00fd\u0161ila i z\u00e1konem neposti\u017eiteln\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka p\u0159\u00edjmu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dlu\u017eitel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pob\u00edraj\u00ed starobn\u00ed nebo invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod, nesm\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed trvat d\u00e9le ne\u017e 3 roky.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_faq_list\"><h3 id=\"asto_kladen_dotazy\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 dotazy<\/h3><h4>Co je osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\">Jedn\u00e1 se o \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed dlu\u017en\u00edka, \u017ee nen\u00ed schopen spl\u00e1cet sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky. Obvykle ho vyhla\u0161uj\u00ed osoby, kter\u00e9 se ocitly v ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci a nemaj\u00ed jinou mo\u017enost jak se z nekone\u010dn\u00e9 spir\u00e1ly kop\u00edc\u00edch se dluh\u016f dostat.<\/div><h4>Kdo m\u016f\u017ee o osobn\u00ed bankrot po\u017e\u00e1dat?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\">O osobn\u00ed bankrot m\u016f\u017ee po\u017e\u00e1dat kdokoli, kdo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 mus\u00ed dl\u017eit minim\u00e1ln\u011b dv\u011bma v\u011b\u0159itel\u016fm a jeho dluhy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nejm\u00e9n\u011b 30 dn\u00ed po datu splatnosti.<\/div><h4>Jak po\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed o osobn\u00ed bankrot man\u017eel\u00e9?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\">Man\u017eel\u00e9 mohou o osobn\u00ed bankrot po\u017e\u00e1dat spole\u010dn\u011b. Nav\u00edc je to tak pro n\u011b i v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee pokud po\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b, dluhov\u00e9 b\u0159emeno bude ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdyby po\u017eadovali ka\u017ed\u00fd zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165.<\/div><h4>Jak vyhl\u00e1sit osobn\u00ed bankrot?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\">Osobn\u00ed bankrot se vyhla\u0161uje\u00a0pod\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu na povolen\u00ed oddlu\u017een\u00ed. P\u0159esn\u00fd popis insolven\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed naleznete naho\u0159e v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"author":16452,"featured_media":79273,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"disable_branded_featured_image":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1195],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/35008"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16452"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35008"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/35008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79165,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/35008\/revisions\/79165"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79273"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financera.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}